1. Definition:

Fittings are hardware components designed to join, alter the direction, or modify the flow within pipes, tubes, or conduits. They ensure that systems function correctly and safely by providing secure connections and adapting to various system requirements.

2. Types of Fittings:

• Pipe Fittings: Used in plumbing and piping systems to connect pipes, change direction, or control flow.

  • Elbows: Used to change the direction of the pipe, typically available in 90-degree or 45-degree angles.
  • Tees: Allow for branching off from a main pipe, creating a T-shaped connection.
  • Couplings: Connect two sections of pipe in a straight line.
  • Reducers: Change the diameter of the pipe, either increasing or decreasing it.
  • Plugs and Caps: Close the end of a pipe or fitting to seal it.

• Tube Fittings: Designed for connecting and sealing tubing in various applications.

  • Compression Fittings: Use a compression mechanism to secure the tubing and provide a leak-proof connection.
  • Push-to-Connect Fittings: Allow for easy and quick connection of tubing without the need for tools.
  • Barbed Fittings: Feature ridges that grip the inside of flexible tubing to create a tight seal.

• Hydraulic and Pneumatic Fittings: Used in hydraulic and pneumatic systems to connect hoses and tubes, control fluid flow, and ensure system integrity.

  • Hose Ends: Connect hoses to other components in hydraulic systems.
  • Quick Disconnects: Allow for rapid connection and disconnection of hoses or tubes in hydraulic and pneumatic systems.
  • Adapters: Facilitate connections between different types or sizes of fittings and hoses.

• Electrical Fittings: Used in electrical systems to protect and connect electrical cables and conduits.

  • Conduit Connectors: Secure electrical conduits to junction boxes, panels, or other conduits.
  • Cable Glands: Provide a seal around electrical cables to protect against dust, moisture, and mechanical stress.
  • Junction Boxes: Enclose electrical connections and provide a safe and accessible location for wiring.

• Plumbing Fittings: Specialized fittings used in residential and commercial plumbing systems.

  • Valves: Control the flow of water or other fluids, including gate valves, ball valves, and check valves.
  • Unions: Allow for easy disconnection of pipes for maintenance or replacement.
  • Flanges: Provide a means of connecting pipes or equipment with bolted joints.