1. Definition:

A tap is a tool designed to cut or form the internal threads in a hole, allowing it to accept a threaded fastener such as a screw or bolt. Taps are used in conjunction with a drill or tapping machine to create the threads necessary for fastening applications.

2. Types of Taps:

• Hand Taps: The most common taps used for general-purpose threading. They are typically sold in sets of three:

  • Taper Tap: Has a longer, gradual taper and is used to start the threading process.
  • Plug Tap: Features a moderate taper and is used after the taper tap to continue cutting the threads.
  • Bottoming Tap: Has very little taper and is used to complete threads to the bottom of a hole.

• Machine Taps: Designed to be used with machine tools such as lathes, milling machines, or tapping machines. These taps are designed to handle higher speeds and provide more consistent results than hand taps.

• Spiral Point Taps (Gun Taps): Used for threading through holes, they push the chips ahead of the cutting action, reducing clogging and ensuring smooth operation in deeper holes.

• Spiral Flute Taps: Ideal for threading blind holes, as the spiral flute helps lift chips out of the hole. They are commonly used for materials like aluminum and soft metals.

• Thread Forming Taps: Unlike traditional cutting taps, thread-forming taps create threads by deforming the material rather than cutting it. They produce stronger threads and are commonly used in materials like aluminum and copper.

• Pipe Taps: Used specifically for cutting threads in pipes, particularly for creating tapered threads that seal tightly when mated with a fitting.