They are widely used in various applications, including industrial processes, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and as solvents. The most common and well-known alcohol is ethanol, which is found in alcoholic beverages.

Alcohols can be classified into several categories based on their structure and the number of hydroxyl groups present:

1. Monohydric Alcohols: Contain one hydroxyl group (e.g., ethanol, methanol).
2. Dihydric Alcohols: Contain two hydroxyl groups (e.g., ethylene glycol).
3. Trihydric Alcohols: Contain three hydroxyl groups (e.g., glycerol).

Key Properties of Alcohols:

• Solubility: Many alcohols are soluble in water due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds.
• Volatility: Alcohols tend to have lower boiling points than other organic compounds of similar molecular weight, making them useful as solvents.
• Flammability: Most alcohols are flammable and should be handled with care.